ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study evaluated the validity of a physical activity classification table (PACT) based on total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method in Korean adults and the elderly. @*Methods@#A total of 141 (male 70, female 71) adults and elderly were included. The reference standards TEEDLW , PALDLW were measured over a 14-day period using DLW. A 24-hour physical activity diary was kept for three days (two days during the week and one day on the weekend). PALPACT was calculated by classifying the activity type and intensity using the PACT. PALPACT was multiplied by resting energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry to estimate TEEPACT . @*Results@#The mean age of the study participants was 50.5 ± 18.8 years, and the mean body mass index was 23.4 ± 3.3 kg/m2 . A comparison of TEEDLW and TEEPACT by sex and age showed no significant differences. The bias, the difference between TEEDLW and TEEPACT , was male 17.3 kcal/day and female −4.5 kcal/day. The percentage of accurate predictions (values within ± 10% of the TEEDLW ) of TEEPACT was 58.6% in males and 54.9% in females, with the highest prediction values in the age group 40–64 years (70.9%) in males and over 65 years (73.9%) in females. The spearman correlation coefficient (r) between TEEPACT and TEEDLW was 0.769, indicating a significant positive correlation (p < 0.001). @*Conclusion@#In this study, the use of a new PACT for calculating TEE and PAL was evaluated as valid. A web version of the software program and a smartphone application need to be developed using PACT to make it easier to apply for research purposes.
ABSTRACT
To set the estimated energy requirement (EER) in Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI), we need the coefficient by physical activity stage, as determined by the physical activity level(PAL). Thus, there has been demand for a tool to calculate PAL based on the physical activity diary. This study was undertaken to develop a physical activity (PA) classification table for Koreans, using the 2011 Compendium of physical activities in the United States. The PA classification table for Koreans contains 262 codes, and values of the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) for specific activities. Of these, 243 PAs which do not have Korean specific data or information, were selected from the 2011 Compendium of PAs that originated in the United States; another 19 PAs were selected from the previous research data of Koreans. The PA classification table is codified to facilitate the selection of energy values corresponding to each PA. The code for each PA consists of a single letter alphabet (activity category) and four numeric codes that display the activity type (2 digit number), activity intensity (1 digit number), and specific activities (1 digit number). In addition, the intensity (sedentary behavior, low, middle and high) of specific PA and its rate of energy expenditure in MET are presented together. The activity categories are divided into 4 areas: Daily Activity (A), Movement (B), Occupation (C), and Exercise and Sports (D). The developed PA classification table can be applied to quantify the energy cost of PA for adults in research or practice, and to assess energy expenditure and physical activity levels based on self-reported PA.